Gabon experienced its most radical political transformation since independence in 1960. Following the August 2023 coup d’état, General Brice Oligui Nguema suspended the constitution and state institutions, leading a transitional government. A national dialogue in April 2024 with broad participation produced numerous recommendations, many of which were incorporated into a new constitution approved by 92% of voters in November 2024. Presidential elections held in April 2025 marked a positive step for democratization, though the new constitution allows coup participants to run for office and leaves open the question of legislative checks on presidential power.
Economically, Nguema has sought to reassure international lenders and renegotiate Gabon’s debt, while attempting to reduce the country’s dependence on oil and gas.
Governance is defined by continuity in foreign relations. Nguema has maintained close alliances with France, the EU and the United States, and has engaged in active regional diplomacy to secure recognition and support for Gabon’s transition.
