The 2024 elections marked a new political chapter, with independents becoming the largest minority in a fragmented and polarized National Assembly. President José Raúl Mulino’s inauguration reflected the country’s tensions, as legal challenges to his candidacy and his ties to former President Ricardo Martinelli fueled public distrust. Persistent corruption, limited transparency and protests highlight demands for political renewal.
Economic recovery has been stronger than in much of the region, yet growth has not reduced poverty or inequality. Structural pressures persist, and the migration crisis in the Darién area continues to strain local capacities.
Governance challenges remain significant. Policy initiatives have faced criticism for limited consensus and insufficient impact on vulnerable groups. Rising insecurity, weak social policy performance and slow progress on climate-related measures have intensified public dissatisfaction.
