Bola Tinubu was elected president in February 2023 in a contested vote. While the election result was legally challenged, post-electoral violence remained limited. Corruption, particularly in the judiciary, continues to undermine trust, and the political change has so far brought little real transformation.
Economic growth remains sluggish, inflation has risen sharply and poverty has increased. The removal of the fuel subsidy led to soaring consumer prices and public discontent. Currency depreciation and rising public debt further strain the economy, while foreign investment remains low. Hopes tied to the new refinery have yet to materialize.
Multiple armed groups continue to destabilize the country: Boko Haram in the northeast, separatist movements in the south, farmer-herder conflicts in the Middle Belt and rising kidnappings nationwide. The government has failed to contain insecurity and relies on repression and cooptation to manage dissent. Cooperation with Western partners remains intact.
