Uganda’s political transformation continues to deteriorate as democratic governance weakens and political repression intensifies. President Yoweri Museveni remains firmly in control and secured another term in the elections in early 2026. Civic space has further narrowed, repression is rising, and opposition parties have fragmented. Respect for the rule of law has sharply declined, with opposition figures tried in military courts and judicial independence eroded, underscoring the systematic undermining of democratic institutions.
Economically, Uganda recovered quickly from the COVID-19 downturn. Economic growth rebounded, while inflation remained moderately elevated. Despite continued commitment to market-oriented policies, structural challenges persist. High poverty and unemployment, particularly among a rapidly growing youth population, continue to weigh on socioeconomic development. Uncertainty surrounding the start of oil production remains.
Governance is marked by limited steering capability. While the government has implemented development frameworks, it has failed to address key structural challenges, notably mass youth unemployment, reflecting constrained strategic planning and policy responsiveness.
