Judicial independence was reinforced in 2023 when the Privy Council overturned a government attempt to extend local representatives’ terms. Debate on adopting the Caribbean Court of Justice continued without ratification. The Elections and Boundaries Commission remained impartial, and international monitoring helped sustain confidence ahead of the 2025 polls. Persistent polarization reflects enduring party and ethnic divisions.
Economic performance benefited from energy projects and infrastructure upgrades that supported diversification. Growth has continued, but inequality and poverty remain significant. Fiscal pressures intensified as deficits and public debt increased.
Record levels of gang-related violence prompted a state of emergency at the end of 2024. Slow judicial processes, concentrated media ownership and stalled autonomy reforms in Tobago highlight governance strains. Regional cooperation through CARICOM strengthened, while security concerns persist.
