President Gustavo Petro’s conciliatory approach to protests contrasts with rising tensions between the executive, the judiciary and oversight bodies, especially after high courts struck down key reforms. The collapse of the government coalition in 2023 and Petro’s growing reliance on plebiscitary and extra-institutional mechanisms have intensified conflict and polarization. Corruption scandals have further undermined public support.
The administration seeks to shift the economy from fossil fuels toward clean energy, tourism and agriculture. Tourism reached record levels, and steps toward a green transition were initiated, but these efforts remain in the early stages. Economic growth has been modest following the post-pandemic rebound, while fiscal instability and limited revenue capacity persist.
Petro’s ambitious reform agenda has delivered limited results, as the loss of legislative support has slowed implementation. The government’s “Total Peace” policy has failed to improve security, and violence has escalated due to the expansion of non-state armed groups. Governance challenges continue to impede meaningful progress.
