Algeria’s President Abdelmadjid Tebboune was re-elected in September 2024 with an increased vote share, supported by expansive public spending ahead of the election. Low voter turnout, a fragmented opposition and confusion surrounding the announcement of results raised concerns about electoral integrity. Press freedoms remained restricted, as illustrated by the arrest of independent journalists. The appointment of the Army Chief to a senior civilian defense role further blurred the boundaries between military and civilian authority.
Algeria’s economy continues to rely heavily on hydrocarbons, despite limited diversification efforts. High energy prices stabilized public finances and enabled increased social spending, including wage hikes and tax relief. At the same time, inflation, fiscal deficits, a large informal sector and bureaucratic barriers constrained economic performance.
Governance performance was shaped by fragmented coordination and entrenched vested interests. Digitalization initiatives and reforms targeting self-employment aimed to improve administrative efficiency and market access. Implementation, however, remained slow. Internationally, despite strained relations with key partners and shifting power dynamics in the Sahel, Algeria engaged in multilateral cooperation and security dialogue.
