In 2021, a new constitution was adopted, despite widespread criticism, which introduced a highly centralized presidential form of government with a significantly weakened parliament. Sadyr Japarov’s presidency was dominated by populism and bravado with a lack of foresight and strategy. The government ignored calls for greater respect for the rule of law, democratic procedures and consultation with critics.
Japarov’s government aimed for rapid economic growth, nationalizing the Canadian-run Kumtor gold mine through questionable actions. Economic crises prompted by COVID-19 and Russia’s invasion of Ukraine led to restrictions on sales and exports. The war in Ukraine caused a currency exchange rate shock in March 2022, resulting in black market activities and jeopardizing Kyrgyzstan’s traditionally strong economic governance.
The Japarov government’s governance is marked by populism, arbitrariness, illiberalism, and limited transparency, suppressing civil society and press freedoms. Economic reforms led by President Japarov lacked strategic vision and have been susceptible to corruption, inefficiency and populism. The government responded unprepared to military incursions from Tajikistan.
